Key Characteristics<\/strong><\/h2>Definition:<\/strong>
An ageing population is characterized by a rising median age and an increased percentage of elderly individuals within the total population.<\/p>Causes<\/strong><\/h2>Increased Life Expectancy:<\/strong><\/p>- Advances in healthcare, medical technologies, and improved living conditions contribute to longer life expectancy. The elderly population grows as people live longer, leading to a higher median age. Example:<\/em> In countries like Sweden, advancements in healthcare have significantly increased life expectancy. Swedes now live well into their 80s and 90s, contributing to an ageing population.<\/li><\/ul>
Declining Birth Rates:<\/strong><\/p>- Societal changes, urbanization, and increased educational and career opportunities for women contribute to declining birth rates. As families choose to have fewer children, the overall population ages. Example:<\/em> Germany is experiencing a declining birth rate, attributed to factors such as increased focus on careers, high costs of raising children, and changing societal norms.<\/li><\/ul>
Advancements in Healthcare:<\/strong><\/p>- Continuous advancements in medical science, preventive healthcare measures, and disease management contribute to prolonged lifespans. Improved healthcare allows individuals to age with better health, further contributing to an ageing population. Example:<\/em> The United States has witnessed substantial advancements in healthcare, including breakthroughs in treating chronic diseases and the development of innovative medical technologies, resulting in a growing elderly population.<\/li><\/ul>
Global Trends<\/strong><\/h2>Both developed and developing countries experience the ageing population phenomenon, driven by shared trends of decreasing fertility rates and improved healthcare.<\/p>